People as Resource: Economics Class 9 Chapter-3
Key Features of NCERT Material for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 – People as Resource
Quick revision notes
In Chapter 1 of Class 9 : you must have learnt about the story of village Palampur. In chapter 2: you will learn about People as Resource
Economic Activities by Men and Women
• Economic activities are development and wealth producing activities. It creates economic and financial gain by producing goods and services and adds value to the national income.
Sectors under economic activities
(i) Primary Sector
(ii) Secondary Sector
(iii) Tertiary Sector
(i) Primary Sector
It is also known as agriculture sector. This sector considers directly using of natural resources. This sector includes agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishing, poultry farming, mining, and quarrying.
(ii) Secondary Sector
It is also known as manufacturing sector. This sector considers manufacturing of goods.
(iii) Tertiary sector
This sector provides service. This sector includes trade, transport, communication, banking, education, health, tourism, services, insurance.
Two parts of Economic activities
(i) Market activities
(ii) Non-market activities
(i) Market activities
Market activities consider production of goods or services including government service for remuneration.
(ii) Non-market activities
Non-market activities consider production of goods or services for self-consumption.
As indicated by the past 3 years assessments, the accompanying ideas are generally significant from this section and ought to be focussed upon.
- Different Aspects of Human Resource Development
- The Role of Education
- Joblessness and Forms of Unemployment in India.
People perform numerous exercises which can be assembled into monetary and non-financial.
Financial Activities: Economic exercises allude to those exercises of human which are attempted for a money related addition or to fulfill his/her needs. The exercises of laborers, ranchers, businesspeople, producers, specialists, legal advisors, cabbies, and so forth fall under this classification.
Non-Economic Activities: Non-financial exercises are ones that are not attempted for any money related increase. These are likewise called unpaid exercises, e.g., Puja-paath, housekeeping, helping poor people or debilitated, and so on.
Characterization of Economic Activities: Various monetary exercises can be arranged into three principle areas, that is, essential part, auxiliary segment and tertiary division. The essential division incorporates exercises like horticulture, ranger service, animal cultivation, fishing, poultry, cultivating and mining. In this area, merchandise are delivered by misusing nature. In the optional part, producing (little and enormous) and development exercises are incorporated. The tertiary part (additionally called administration segment) gives different kinds of administrations like vehicle, training, banking, protection, wellbeing, the travel industry, and so forth.
Market Activities and Non-Market Activities: Economic exercises, i.e., creation of products and enterprises can be grouped into market exercises and non-market exercises. Market exercises are’performed for compensation. Non-market exercises are the exercises done for self¬consumption.
Exercises of Women: Women by and large care for local undertakings like preparing of food, washing of garments, cleaning of utensils, housekeeping and taking care of kids.
Human Capital: Human capital is the load of expertise and gainful information typified in people. Populace (people) become human capital when it is furnished with better instruction, preparing and medical care offices.
Individuals as a Resource: People as an asset is a method of alluding to a nation’s workforce as far as their current aptitudes and capacities.
Human Capital Formation: When the current human asset is additionally evolved by spending on making the workforce more taught and sound, it is called Human Capital Formation.
Nature of Population: The nature of populace relies on the education rate, future and abilities arrangement procured by the individuals of the nation.
Job of Education: Education is the most significant segment of Human Resource Development. Taking into account its commitment towards the development of the general public, government consumption on training as a level of GDP rose from 0.64% in 1951-52 to 3.98% in 2002-03. Nonetheless, our public objective is 6% of GDP
Wellbeing: Health is another significant part of Human Resource Development. The productivity of laborers to a great extent relies upon their wellbeing.
There has been an impressive improvement in the nation’s wellbeing standard. For example, the future at the hour of birth in India rose from 37.2 years in 1951 to 63.9 years in 2001. Correspondingly, the newborn child death rate has descended from 147 to 70 during a similar timespan.
Joblessness: Unemployment is said to exist when individuals who are eager to work at the overarching wage rates can’t secure positions. At the point when we discuss jobless individuals, we allude to those in the age gathering of 15-59 years. Kids under 15 years old and the elderly individuals over 60 are not thought of while checking the quantity of jobless.
Nature of Unemployment in India: Seasonal joblessness happens when individuals neglect to get work during certain months of the year (that is, during slow time of year). Homestead workers ordinarily face this sort of issue, I Disguised joblessness is another sort of joblessness found in country regions. Such sort of issue emerges because of exorbitant weight of populace on agribusiness. Camouflaged joblessness alludes to a circumstance wherein the quantity of laborers in a vocation is more than really needed to carry out the responsibility. The additional number of laborers are disguisedly jobless.
Outcomes of Unemployment:
- Joblessness prompts wastage of labor asset.
- Joblessness will in general increment the monetary over-burden that is the reliance of the jobless on the working populace.
- Joblessness may prompt an expansion in social distress and pressure.