Globe Latitudes and Longitudes: Class 6 Geography NCERT Chapter 2

Key Features of NCERT Material for Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 – Globe Latitudes and Longitudes

In the previous chapter 1, you studied the earth and different celestial bodies in the solar system.In this chapter of NCERT class 6 science: Globe Latitudes and Longitudes, we will understand globes, equator, Longitudes, parallels of longitude, Latitude and parallel of Latitudes.

Quick revision notes

Globe may be a genuine model of the world.

A needle is fixed through the world in an inclined way, which is named its axis.

The imaginary/invisible line running on the world partitions it into two halves. This line is understood because of the Equator.

Every single equal sphere from the Equator up to the shafts are called equals of scope. The scope is estimated in degrees.

As we move far away from the Equator, the dimensions of the equals of scope diminish.

The four significant equals of scope are :

Tropic of Cancer (23°N)

Tropic of Capricorn (232°S)

Cold of Circle (66°N)

Antarctic Circle (66°S)

Hottest Zones of the world

The torrid zone gets the foremost extreme warmth.

The Temperate Zone features a moderate temperature.

The frigid zone features a cold climate because the sunbeams are continually decreasing.

Longitudes

The line of reference running from the North Pole toward the South Pole is named Meridians of Longitude.

The separation between them is estimated in ‘degrees of longitude’.

All meridians are of equivalent length.

The meridian which matches through Greenwich, where British Royal Observatory is found, is understood because of the meridian.

The estimation of the meridian is 0° longitude and from it, we consider 180° Eastward well as 180° Westward.

Prime Meridian partitions the world into equivalent parts, the orient and therefore the occident.

180° East and 180° West meridians are on an identical line.

We can find any point on the world within the event that we all know its scope and longitude.

Longitude and Time

As the earth turns from West to East, those spots East of Greenwich are going to be ahead of Greenwich Mean Time and people toward the West are going to be behind it.

The earth turns 360° in around 24 hours.

At wherever a watch is often adjusted to read at 12 o’clock when the Sun is at the foremost noteworthy point within the sky.

Standard Time

The civil time different spots are unique, so it’s important to adapt the nearby time of some focal meridian of a nation because of the civil time.

82°E is treated because of the Standard Meridian of India. The neighbourhood time at this meridian is understood because the Indian civil time (IST).

India found East of Greenwich at 82° 30’E, is 5 hours and half-hour ahead of GMT.

A few nations have a fantastic longitudinal degree thus they need to be embraced quite one civil time.

The Globe may be a genuine model of the world, during a little structure. A needle, called the Axis is fixed through the world in an inclined way.

The orbit of the world goes through two extreme points: referred to as the Poles (the North Pole and therefore the South Pole). This orbit appears like a needle on the world. the real earth has no such orbit.

The axis browsing the middle point of the world, and perpendicular to the orbit, is understood because of the Equator. It splits the world into two Hemispheres, the Northern and therefore the Southern. we will imagine various more circles like the equator, having their focuses on the axis and having various radii. These circles are called Parallels of Latitudes.

The parallels are recognized with the assistance of degrees. The equator shows the zero degrees latitude. The latitudes within the hemisphere are assigned as degrees north (°N), for instance, 10°N, 20°N, etc till 90°N (which is that the North Pole). Likewise, the latitudes within the hemisphere are assigned as degrees south (°S), and 90°S is that the South Pole.

The sphere browsing Greenwich in Britain, and opposite to the equator, and like the hub, is understood because of the meridian. It splits the world into two Hemispheres, the Eastern and therefore the Western. Together, the Equator and therefore the meridian separation the world into four equivalent parts. we will imagine various more circles like the meridian, having their middle at the focus of the world, and having equivalent radii. These circles are called Degrees of Longitudes.

The longitudes are recognized with the assistance of degree. The meridian shows the zero degrees longitude. The longitudes within the orient are assigned as degrees east (°E), for instance, 10°E, 20°E, etc till 180°. Comparative is that the situation with the accident.

Degrees are additionally divided into minutes and minutes into seconds. Note that the image

for a flash may be punctuation (‘) which for a second maybe twofold punctuation (“). 60′ (an hour) structure a degree and 60″ (60 seconds) structure a flash. So 30’ signifies an outsized portion of a degree and 40” signifies 66% of a flash.

Two points on earth can lie on an identical latitude yet be distant from each other. Likewise, two faraway focuses may lie on an identical longitude. However, only one point lief on a selected pair of latitude and longitude. So scopes and longitudes are useful to find some extent on earth.

Longitutes and latitudes

The Tropic of Cancer and therefore the Arctic Circle are concentrated as uncommon latitudes within the hemisphere. they’re at 23 1/2° N and 66° N separately.

The Tropic of Capricorn and therefore the Antarctic Circle are concentrated as uncommon latitudes within the hemisphere. they’re at 23 ° S and 66 ° S separately.

The zone between the Tropic of Cancer and therefore the Tropic of Capricorn get most extreme warmth from the Sun and this area is understood because of the Torrid Zone.

The zone between the Artie Circle and therefore the Tropic of Cancer within the hemisphere, which between the Antarctic Circle and therefore the Tropic of Capricorn within the Southern, have moderate/average temperatures. These districts are the Temperate Zones.

The zone north to the Arctic Circle which south to the Antarctic Circle is near the Poles and obtain the daylight of extremely low power. So it’s freezing here. These districts are referred to as the Frigid Zones.

The Frigid Zones, the Temperate Zones, and therefore the Torrid Zone are referred to as the warmth Zones.

heat zones on the globe

The sun doesn’t sparkle similarly on all longitudes one after another. At the purpose when it’s 12 early afternoons directly, it implies that the sun isn’t in the least noticeable at the part on the other side of the world. ‘So it must be 12 PM there. Indeed, we will say that the time distinction is 24 hours at 360 degrees longitudes separated. So every longitude brings a distinction of 4 minutes. this provides us with the thought of your time Zones. Two sequential time regions vary by the hour. The time at a selected spot is meant to be the nearby time.

It might happen that a selected nation stretches out over an extended scope of longitudes, therefore giving tons of your time distinction. for instance, Russia reaches out quite eleven-time regions. India really stretches out over a latitude of a 2-hour time contrast. Be that because it may, this is not excessively, so for comfort and for consistency, we have a typical meridian set at Allahabad (82° 30′), which provides the perfect opportunity for everywhere India. this point is understood because the Indian civil time (IST).

Globe:

the world may be a model of the world, all things considered, yet during a little and helpful structure. It shows all mainlands, nations, and seas, named.

Axis:

The nonexistent line about which the world turns once in 24 hours is named its axis.

Poles:

the 2 extreme points of the orbit are referred to as the Poles. one among them is that the North Pole and therefore the other is that the South Pole.

Equator:

The sphere browsing the focus of the world, and opposite to the pivot is understood because of the equator.

Prime Meridian:

The hover browsing Greenwich in Britain, and opposite to the equator, and like the pivot, is understood because of the meridian.

Latitude:

one among the invisible circles like the Equator is named latitude. The latitudes have their focuses on one normal line and that they have various radii.

Longitude:

one among the nonexistent circles like the meridian is named longitude. The longitudes have their focuses on the focus of the world and have an identical span because of the Earth.

Hemisphere:

one among the 2 equivalent parts of the world’s circular shape is understood as half the world. within the event that the world is split along the equator, we get the Northern and therefore the Southern Hemispheres. within the event that we divide it opposite to the equator, we get the Eastern and therefore the Western Hemispheres.

Heat Zones:

Heat zones are the varied zones of the world, where the sun’s beams fall in several ways, subsequently causing diverse atmosphere designs. These zones are referred to as the Torrid Zone, the 2 Temperate Zones, and therefore the two Frigid Zones.

Greenwich:

Greenwich may be a part within the UK, on the brink of London, whose time is employed as a typical everywhere throughout the planet. The meridian goes through this spot, thus it’s the part which separates the world into the Eastern and therefore the Western Hemispheres.

Standard Time:

civil time of a nation or area is that the time viewed as a norm for that place, no matter the way that there exists time contrast topographically over that locale. it’s utilized uniquely for accommodation.

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