Getting to Know Plants:Class 6 Science NCERT Chapter 7

Key Features of NCERT Material for Class 6 Science Chapter 7 –  Getting to Know Plants 

In the previous chapter 6: Changes around us where we have studied about all the changes happened both physical and chemical.In this chapter 7: Getting to know plants we will study about the plants and the function of each parts.

Quick revision notes

Flowering Plants:

 Plants that bear blossoms are called flowering plants. Their bodies are isolated into roots, stem, leaves and bear blossoms and natural products. 

Herbs, shrubs and trees: Plants are typically gathered into herbs, shrubs and trees based on their statures, stem and branches: 

(а) Herbs: Plants with green and delicate stem are called herbs. They are typically short and some of the time don’t have branches. 

(b) Shrubs: Some plants have branches emerging from the base of the stem. The stem is hard yet not exceptionally thick. They are called shrubs. 

(c) Trees: Some plants are extremely tall and have hard and thick stem. They have branches emerging from upper piece of the stem. They are called trees.

Creepers and climbers: The stem of certain plants are extremely meager and powerless. They either lie on the ground or need backing to stand up. They are called creepers and climbers individually. 

(Chapter 7: Getting to know plants)

Stem 

It bears leaves, buds, blossoms, organic products, and so on. 

The stem conducts water from the roots to the leaves and to different parts and food from leaves to the roots and different pieces of the plant. 

Potato, sweet potatoes, ginger, onion, and so forth however present in the dirt, are really stem and store food inside them. 

Leaf 

Leaves have an assortment of shapes, sizes and different structures. 

Venation: The example of veins and veinlets on the leaves is called venation. 

Veins: Thread like structures in the leaves shaping a system. 

Midrib: It is the thick vein in the leaf. 

Kinds of venation: Two sorts of venation are found: 

Reticulate: If the venation is in net like appearance on the two sides of midrib, it is called reticulate. For instance, peepal. 

Equal: In the leaves of grasses, the veins and veinlets are corresponding to each other. Such a venation is called equal. 

Hub: Places where leaves and branches are joined to stem are called hubs. 

Internodes: The piece of stem between two hubs is called internode. 

 

Function of leaves 

• Transpiration: It is the procedure of dissipation of water from the.surface of leaves. 
• Photosynthesis: Green leaves blend food with the assistance of daylight, air and water by a procedure called photosynthesis. 

(Chapter 7: Getting to know plants)

Roots 

• Roots are for the most part the underground piece of the plant. 
• They assimilate water and mineral from the dirt. 
• They hold the dirt immovably to keep the plant upstanding. 
• A few roots store food and become full. 

Fibrous roots: In the plants like grass, the parts of the root come out from the base of the stem. Such roots are known as fibrous roots. 

Taproots: In certain plants, the parts of the root emerge from a thick structure under the ground which is known as the fundamental or primary root. Such roots are called taproots. 

Root hair: The fine hair-like structures on the parts of the root will be root hair. 

Lateral roots: The littler roots on the taproot are called lateral roots. 

Plants that have leaves with reticulate venation consist of taproot and plants having leaves with parallel venation have fibrous root. 

(Chapter 7: Getting to know plants)

Flower 

It is generally the most alluring aspect of a plant, additionally called a modified shoot Sepals, petals, stamens and pistils are the principle parts of the flower.Portions of a flower are generally present in rings or whorls. 

Pedicel: The tail that joins a flower to the plant is known as the pedicel. 

Sepals: It is the peripheral whorl of the flower. Frequently they are little, green leaf like structures. They secure the internal pieces of a flower while it is as yet a bud. 

Petals: Inside the sepals, the whorl of petals is present. Various flowers have petals of various hues. A few flowers have sweet smelling petals. With its shading and fragrance, the petals draw in the people as well as the insects and the winged animals. 

Stamens: These are 4-6 in number and are male conceptive aspect of a flower. Every stamen is comprised of two sections—fiber and anther. Anther contains dust grains. 

Pistil: It is the deepest aspect of a flower. Ovary can be partitioned into three sections: (a) Stigma, (b) Style and (c) Ovary. 

Ovary may additionally be separated into locules. Locules contain ovules. 

Conduct: The water and minerals are shipped to leaves and different pieces of plant appended to the stem. 

Petiole: The bit of a leaf by which it is associated with the stem is called petiole. Lamina: The wide green bit of leaf is called lamina. 

Ovules: The little dab like structures inside the ovary are called ovules (see Fig.). 

Climbers: Some plants with delicate stem need sponsorship to go upstanding. These are called climbers. 

Conduct: To pass on a substance from one spot to other is called to conduct. Creepers: Plants with a weak stem settle on the ground. These are called creepers. Fibrous roots: Roots in which various branches come out from the base of the stem are called fibrous roots. 

Spices:

 Plants with green and fragile stem are called spices. 

Lamina: 

The wide green bit of the leaf is called lamina. 

Parallel roots:

Smaller roots which rise up out of guideline root in the taproot structures are called flat roots. 

Midrib:

The thick vein in the leaf is known as the midrib. 

Ovule:

Small globule like structures associated in the internal mass of the ovary are called ovules. 

Equivalent venation:

 In the leaves of grass, veins are comparing to one another. This is called equivalent venation. 

Petal:

This is the perceptible bit of the open bloom. Different blooms have petals of different tones and of different structures. 

Petiole:

The bit of the leaf by which it is annexed to the stem is called petiole. 

Photosynthesis:

A methodology by which green plants make their food from light, carbon dioxide and water is called photosynthesis. 

Pistil:

Innermost bit of a sprout is called pistil. It is female regenerative bit of the blossom. 

Reticulate venation:

When veins and veinlets structure a net like arrangement in the different sides of midrib, the venation is called reticulate venation. 

Sepal:

Sepal guarantees the interior bits of sprout when it is a bud. 

Shrubs:

Some plants have branches rising up out of the base of the stem to appear. The stem is hard anyway not uncommonly thick. They are called shrubs.

Stamen:

Stamens are the male regenerative bits of the bloom. 

Taproot:

The root structure where a singular root rises up out of the base of the stem, with discretionary and tertiary branches is known as a taproot system. 

Transpiration:

The loss of water as vapor from the stomata on leaves is called transpiration. 

Trees:

Tall plants with hard, thick and woody stem. 

Veins:

Thread like structures in leaf.

Root Systems : 

There are two essential kinds of root systems: tap root and fibrous root structure. 

Tap Root System: 

In the tap root system (Fig. 8.1), a singular root (called the fundamental root) comes out from the seed after germination. Tap roots are furthermore called real roots. 

A while later, more diminutive roots got sidelong roots branch out from this fundamental root. Mango, neem, pine, sheesham, pea, carrot, radish, turnip, and beetroot are cases of plants in which tap roots are found. 

Fibrous Root System: 

Fibrous roots (Fig. 8.2), which create from the base of the stem have a battered appearance. These roots are slight and basically comparable in size. For example: Grass, maize, wheat, onion, sugarcane, and rice.

Elements of Roots: 

A couple of elements of roots are given underneath: 

Making sure about the plant Roots help to catch the plant relentlessly into the ground. 

Ingestion of water and enhancements from the dirt They help plants to acclimatize water and enhancements from the dirt, which are crucial for their perseverance. 

Desert plants have commonly longer roots since they enter significant into the dirt searching for water. 

Hindering soil disintegration They help to integrate the dirt particles, thusly shielding them from being occupied by water or wind. 

Occasionally roots are adjusted to perform various capacities like spread, food, and so forward. 

Root Modifications: 

Roots of certain plants are modified to play out extra capacities. Let us concentrate a portion of these adjustments and their capacities (Fig. 8.3).

(Chapter 7: Getting to know plants)